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    Force Mulberry - The Planning And Installation Of Artificial Harbor Off U.S. Normandy Beaches In World War II
    Cód:
    491_9781443721479
    FORCE MULBERRY- The Planning and Installation of the Artificial Harbor off U. S. Normandy Beaches in World War II 1951 By ALFRED STANFORD. INTRODUCTION: IN THIS book Commander Stanford has made a very im portant contribution to the history of World War II, and in the writing of it he has recaptured the tense excitement, almost desperation, of planning and executing the landings in Normandy. The Mulberries, the two artificial harbors established immediately after the initial landings, were ab solutely essential for the success of Operation Overlord. For, as we found out in World War II, the most difficult thing in an amphibious operation is not to establish the initial beachhead that can almost always be done if sufficient force is employed and tactical surprise is obtained but to sustain and reinforce the ground troops against the beachhead, and attain the objective. Massive as was the Anglo-American assault on the Nor mandy beaches, it had to be followed up immediately by even greater increments of men, armor, vehicles and sup plies to make it succeed. There was no possibility of getting all this ashore over wave-lashed beaches where spring tides rose twenty-one feet. One or more ports were essential to maintain an even flow of men and materiel. But all the French ports, notably the nearest ones at Cherbourg and Le Havre, were so strongly held by the enemy that the cap ture of one would employ forces badly needed elsewhere for at least six weeks, during which the Germans would be unexpectedly weak or very stupid if they did not succeed in rubbing out the initial beachhead. The only possible way out of this dilemma was the ap parently impossible task of providing sheltered water off the beaches within a matter of three days. Since speed was of the essence, all elements of the artificial harbors would have to be constructed in England, towed across the Channel under danger of wind, weather and enemy air attack, and sited under fire. Commander Stanford, who was Deputy
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