FOSSIL FUELS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
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Climate change is a major global issue today, and one of the most controversial. The debate is full of well-mixed ideals, myths and realities. The pro-climate change world has an aggressive global campaign machinery against fossil energy use which is believed to be the cause of global warming and climate change. The sceptics are just as strong: either they do not believe that the climate is changing, or they think human activities have nothing to do with it. Infusion of politics inspired by intra-country exigencies has further complicated the issues and it has become difficult to distinguish between realities, facts, and fiction. Ideals and myths are strong weapons for sensitizing and motivating global mitigation action on climate change, but it is also useful to know what is real or possible. Facing realities would help to focus on feasible, sustainable adaptation and mitigation actions that could help the world optimize energy use and deal with the consequences of climate change. Global warming is one of the major indicators of climate change, and extensive climate database shows that the average global temperature has been rising steadily from pre-industrial 14oC and, although there are many natural phenomena that can cause the Earth to heat up or cool, strong scientific evidence indicates that between 0.8oC and 1.2oC of the rise has been caused by human activities which release heat-trapping greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, mostly in the last seven decades or so. This apparently small temperature rise can have very big impact on the global climate largely because the oceans which occupy around three-quarters of the Earth’s surface area absorb over 90% of the anthropogenic heat and much of the carbon dioxide. An increase in the average global temperature by even less than 1oC can have a profound influence on weather and climate in many ways, in particular, wind dynamics and the intensity, fre
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