Nuclear Fission and Atomic Energy
Cód:
491_9781443726382
NUCLEAR FISSION and ATOMIC ENERGY by WILLIAM E. STEPHENS. Contents include: Foreword vii Editors Preface ix Chapter 1. Discovery of Fission 1 2. Production of Fission 6 3. Fission Fragments 16 4. Fission Products 22 5. Secondary Neutrons 43 6. Heavy Nuclei 50 7. Theory of Fission 67 8. Dynamics of Fission 92 9. Early Work on Chain Reactions 117 10. Slow Neutron Chain Reactions Piles 133 11. Fast Neutron Chain Reaction 171 12. Separation of Isotopes 181 13. Chemical Separation Methods Isolation of Plutonium 222 14. Potentialities of Fission Techniques 234 Bibliography ... 259 Author Index 281 Subject Index 287. FOREWORD: FREE and unrestricted research in nuclear physics ceased abruptly in 1941. Activity in the field went underground and certain aspects were the subject of intense study and investigation in secret under the forced draft of military urgency and unlimited support. It emerged on August 6, 1945, with the most destructive explosion that has ever been produced by man. The same dra matic event answered affirmatively the outstanding question which had engaged nuclear physicists previously Is a self-sustaining nu clear chain reaction possible The successful culmination of the work of the Manhattan District in the explosion of the bombs over Japan punctuated the end of the war and announced the scientific fact that nuclear chain reactions could be brought about. With the cessation of hostilities nuclear physicists have re turned from a wide variety of war research assignments to this, their chosen field. The obvious first step in resuming programs of fundamental research has been a review of the literature and a taking of scientific stock in the light of available information. At the University of Pennsylvania a series of seminars was conducted by Dr. Stephens and the staff of the Department of Physics resi dent in the autumn of 1945, for the purpose of reviewing all freely available information and reorienting the interests of the research group. The extensive
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