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    Particle Swarm Optimizer
    Cód:
    491_9783954892839
    Four modified versions of particle swarm optimizer (PSO) have been applied to the economic power dispatch with valve-point effects. In order to obtain the optimal solution, traditional PSO search a new position around the current position. The proposed strategies which explore the vicinity of particles best position found so as far leads to a better result. In addition, to deal with the equality constraint of the economic dispatch problems, a simple mechanism is also devised that the difference of the demanded load and total generating power is evenly shared among units except the one reaching its generating limit. To show their capability, the proposed algorithms are applied to thirteen.Comparision among particle swarm optimization is given. The results show that the proposed algorithms indeed produce more optimal solutions in both cases.The different PSO techniques are New PSO, Self-Adaptive PSO and Chaotic PSO Among the different PSO techniques, it is found that Self-Adaptive PSO is better than other PSO techniques in terms of better solutions, speed of convergence, time of execution and robustness but it has more premature convergence.
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